Best NAD+ Supplement

Not too many people are eager to grow old, and if you’re worried about losing energy or mental acuity as the years go by, you don’t need to feel hopeless about it.27 There’s ample evidence that boosting NAD+ levels can correspond to improved aging.1 We normally don't recommend getting too excited over any product claiming to be the fountain of youth, but you could experience heightened energy levels and focus.2 You might even see improvements in your appearance, such as more youthful-looking skin.25

You don't need to look any further than the biohacking community to realize there's genuine interest in the potential for NAD+ to be a cornerstone in physical maintenance.3 But with that much buzz around it, it can be hard to determine which supplements — and what doses — could be right for you.

In this guide, our team compares several of the most enticing NAD+ boosters so you can make an informed decision. For a quick sense of the landscape, here's a summary of our top picks.

• Best overall: NAD+ Support by Innerbody Labs
• Best budget pick: Neurogan Health NMN 900
• Best for those outside the U.S.: Perpetua.Life AEON
• Best powder: Renue by Science Pure NMN Fast Dissolve Powder
• Best NMN-only: Neurogan Health NMN 500
• Best NR-only: Nootropics Depot Nicotinamide Riboside Capsules
• Best for novel delivery (liposomal, sublingual, nasal, etc.): Renue by Science

At Innerbody Research, we extensively test each health product we review, including NAD+ supplements. All told, our team has spent over 1,280 hours testing and researching these supplements, including the examination of more than 200 scholarly journal articles pertaining to aging in general and NAD+ metabolism in particular. We've spend years studying NAD+ and how to boost it, consulting with medical professionals to gain their valuable insights along the way.

In that time, we found that most NAD+ boosters either offered a single NAD+ precursor on its own or combined one with a laundry list of ingredients connected to longevity without a clear concern for NAD+ levels. That led us to create our own supplement, Innerbody Labs NAD+ Support. We’re confident this is the best complex formula to boost NAD+ levels on the market, but we also know there are circumstances where another option might be better for you. We’ll point out those situations throughout this guide; we’re here to help you make the best decision for your health.

Additionally, like all health-related content on this website, our guide to NAD supplements was thoroughly vetted by members of our Medical Review Board for accuracy.

Over the past two decades, Innerbody Research has helped tens of millions of readers make more informed decisions to live healthier lifestyles.

Elevating NAD+ — a critical coenzyme for whole-body cellular health — is best done through precursors that transform to NAD+ once in the body. These supplements, typically called NAD+ boosters, often include one of just two ingredients known to boost NAD+, but there’s still a surprising amount of variety among them.

To compare NAD+ boosters, we relied on a simple set of criteria that could apply to any of the market’s top products. There are instances where comparisons for things like cost get a little muddy, but the information here should still add clarity to your understanding of the field and help calcify specific things you want to see in your NAD+ booster.

Specifically, we looked into the following areas:

• Effectiveness
• Cost
• Safety
• Convenience

Let’s take a look at each criterion in a little more detail.

Effectiveness

Advantage: NAD+ Support by Innerbody Labs

One of the big questions about the effectiveness of NAD+ boosting is the precursor you use to affect it: NMN or NR. Many NAD+ boosters contain just one of those two ingredients to get the job done, making it relatively easy to compare efficacy by looking at each product’s dose. But NAD+ metabolism is a complex process, and while you can ramp up NAD+ production with a lone precursor, fueling other aspects of the production process can make your NAD+ increases more efficient and sustainable.2

NMN and NR both effectively raise NAD+ levels, but each one has exhibited some other effects in human studies that haven't been replicated in studies of the other. For example, NMN has been shown to increase telomere length and improve sleep (both great for anti-aging), but NR hasn’t.28 29 On the flip side, NR has been shown to improve neurodegenerative biomarkers, making it superior to NMN for brain health.30 Innerbody Labs NAD+ Support combines both NMN and NR, eliminating the need for you to choose, and also aligning the individual doses and combined doses with what research shows should effectively deliver the full suite of potential benefits from each.

For most users interested in a single-ingredient NAD+ booster, we would recommend NMN, thanks to its superior quantity and quality of supportive research, as well as the fact that NMN is metabolically one step closer to cellular NAD+ than NR is. To that end, you could consider Neurogan’s NMN capsules a budget option for efficacy.

A quick note about delivery mechanisms. There’s a lot of interest in things like sublingual drops or tablets, enteric coatings, powders, and nasal sprays to get around NAD+ boosters’ middling bioavailability. Numerous companies offer these formats, but there’s one big problem: there’s no clear science to guide dosing. Nearly every NR and NMN study in humans has used simple, uncoated capsules containing either ingredient. Without knowing how these other technologies impact performance, it’s impossible to create clear guidance for a dose that could be safe or effective. And because we hew closely to the latest and best science when making our recommendations, we chose to focus our guide on traditional capsules for NAD+ booster delivery.

Cost

Advantage: Neurogan NMN 900

NMN and NR supplements have similar effective doses for raising NAD+ levels, so it can be helpful to look at the cost per gram of either precursor to compare prices across companies. However, some companies choose to include other ingredients critical to NAD+ support, so it also becomes important to consider the cost per dose.

Here’s how different companies’ costs compare at the lowest available prices, accounting for bulk or subscription discounts:

As you can see, Renue by Science has the lowest cost per dose, but it only provides 250mg of NMN per serving. Its additional ingredients help justify the ultimate cost per gram of precursor, but it’s not enough for it to compete with Neurogan. Neurogan’s NMN 500 and NMN 900 both have the same low cost per dose, but the cost per gram of precursor is remarkably low with NMN 900, making it our top pick for the budget-conscious.

Safety

Advantage: Neurogan NMN 500

NAD+ boosters are generally safe for short-term use, though we'll get into a few specific concerns regarding long-term risks below. To compare the safety of these supplements with one another, we considered moderate doses to be among the safest. In many studies, 250mg of NMN and 100mg of NR appear to be the lowest doses for these encapsulated NAD+ boosters that are both safe and effective. In humans, NMN doses as high as 1,200mg/day and daily NR doses up to 2,000mg have been illustrated as safe for use over a six-week period.4 31 So, a daily dose of either NMN or NR — or a combination of the two — up to 1,200mg should be perfectly safe for most people.

That said, a 1,200mg capsule wouldn’t necessarily win out for safety. There’s no way to ease yourself into the regimen or slightly decrease your intake if you experience any of the adverse effects sometimes seen in high-dose NAD+ booster studies, like headache, GI upset, and muscle cramps.32 It’d be better to start with a lower dose that would let you titrate up toward that 1,200mg mark, and Neurogan’s NMN 500 is a good pick for just that.

Each bottle provides 120 capsules containing 250mg each, allowing you to start at a safe and effective dose and titrate your way up as you make sure you don’t have any adverse effects. You could also start at a more dialed-in dose, like 750mg or 1,250mg, when you have smaller doses per capsule. For added peace of mind, Neurogan subjects its supplements to rigorous third-party testing, with results published to each product page.

Among complex formulas, NAD+ Support from Innerbody Labs is likely your best bet for safety. Its combined NAD+ booster dose is 1,100mg (700mg NMN and 400mg NR), keeping it within a safe limit. Inclusions of TMG and spermidine also help protect the NAD+ production chain from producing any unwanted side effects from an overabundance of production byproducts — a phenomenon we’ll discuss a little later.41 And, like Neurogan, Innerbody Labs subjects its products to similar third-party testing and posts those results to each product page.

Convenience

Advantage: Renue By Science

While there’s far less clear scientific guidance for dosing, safety, and efficacy throughout the Renue by Science lineup, there’s no denying that the variety of delivery mechanisms makes for a convenient user experience. You can get a NAD+ booster as a capsule, sublingual powder or tablet, oral gel, or nasal spray. Not every formula is available in every configuration; in fact, most formulas are only available in one form or another. That could make for an inconvenient experience if you’re determined to get just NMN in a nasal spray — Renue’s nasal NAD+ booster is only available with NAD+, NR, NMN, and trigonelline. Still, this is more variety than any other company offers.

In our testing experience, the most convenient of these products is the company’s fast-dissolve NMN, tablets that dissolve under the tongue in a little under a minute, leaving only a light citrus taste behind. The downside to them is the dose. They contain just 125mg per tablet, but that’s not the real issue. The biggest problem is that there are few to no sublingual tablet NMN studies to rely on for dosing clarity. This problem repeats itself any time Renue offers a novel delivery mechanism. Renue is confident enough in these tablets' ability to bypass hepatic metabolism that it's willing to underdose them significantly, but how that translates to NMN in the bloodstream, and eventually intracellular NAD+, is unclear, creating question marks for both safety and efficacy.

Given the variety and complexity of the NAD+ booster landscape, we thought it’d be useful to summarize some key components of the top brands in a handy chart:

NAD stands for “nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.” Without the plus sign, NAD serves as an umbrella term for a group of chemicals, including NAD+. But what does any of it do in the body?

NAD+ is a coenzyme integral to the function of our mitochondria — often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell. Efficient mitochondrial function means better cell performance and waste removal.5 The amazing thing about boosting mitochondrial efficiency is that it affects just about every part of your body. That means NAD+ can address multiple systems without the need for you to take a dozen different supplements.

NAD+ is available as a primary ingredient in some supplements, but the current understanding of NAD+ metabolism is that its bioavailability is severely limited compared to a pair of its precursors: NMN and NR.6

By using NAD+ precursors instead of NAD+ itself, you can end up with more NAD+ available for your body to utilize. But there's plenty of disagreement about which precursor is the safest and most effective. Understanding how NAD+ forms in the first place can give us a glimpse into the potential of either ingredient.

The body makes most of its NAD+ along three pathways:33

It makes sense for both researchers and supplement companies to focus on NMN and NR, as the salvage pathway is responsible for so much NAD+ production. But most studies and companies focus on one or the other, which has created some friction in the NAD+ boosting community, between advocates of NMN and advocates of NR. Is one safer or more effective than the other?

NMN vs. NR: Which should you take?

If NMN becomes NAD+ more directly than NR, why bother with NR at all? Until recently, research showed that exogenous NMN had to become NR to enter human cells before it could go back to NMN and eventually become NAD+. That would be relatively inefficient, so NR seemed like the superior choice. More recent studies have revealed a specific amino acid and polyamine transporter that's extremely selective for NMN and allows it to enter a cell without first becoming NR.7

Concentrations of this transporter in the guts of mice appear to increase with age, suggesting that the body tries to get extra NMN from its food supply to compensate for deteriorating levels of NAD+ that coincide with aging. It also indicates that NMN's NAD+ production may be more closely tied to the activity and health of the microbiome than was previously thought. But proving this requires a tremendous amount of additional research that has only just begun.36

The bottom line is that both NR and NMN can increase levels of NAD+ in the human body.8 Which one you ultimately choose may have to do with your tolerance for either. If the body becomes better able to absorb NMN directly as it ages, older individuals might want to consider NMN over NR, given its closer metabolic proximity to NAD+.

This all might be a false choice, though. Some supplement companies have chosen to combine NMN and NR, based on their relative safety and the apparent differences in some of their secondary effects research. NMN has exhibited some effects secondary to NAD+ boosting that NR research hasn’t replicated, and vice versa.

For example, NMN has research to support its ability to improve skin health and enhance aerobic capacity, which NR doesn’t.37 4 Meanwhile, NR has research that shows it can improve biomarkers associated with neurodegenerative disease, which can’t be said of NMN.30 If you wanted to boost NAD+ levels, improve aerobic capacity, and protect your brain with a single supplement, a combination of NMN and NR may be superior to either in isolation. Taking both could potentially maximize your range of benefits.

Questions around NMN’s FDA status

If you’ve been looking into NMN for any length of time, you might be aware of its controversial standing with the FDA. To be clear, this has nothing to do with any safety concerns on the FDA’s part. Rather, an unintended consequence of a recently adopted law results in the revoking of an ingredient’s supplement status if that supplement is being investigated for a new drug application, regardless of that supplement's status in the marketplace.

In other words, if a pharmaceutical company thinks it can make a prescription drug out of a popular supplement ingredient, it can file a new drug application for a patented form of that ingredient, and the FDA will put out a letter stating that further sales of that ingredient in supplement form are prohibited.

Products like CBD and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) are in the same camp as NMN here, with a few pharmaceutical companies investigating refined versions of these ingredients for possible new drug applications. But NMN, CBD, and NAC are all still on the market. That’s because the FDA understands that its enforcement discretion is the only thing keeping drug makers from investigating patented versions of everything from vitamin C to St. John's Wort. If they could, pharma companies would likely try to corner the markets of all supplements. So, the FDA, for now at least, allows NMN and similar supplements to be sold openly on the market.

How NAD+ supplements absorb

NAD+ precursors certainly absorb better than NAD+ itself, but NR and NMN are both going to break down a bit in your GI tract.6 For supplement companies, this presents a challenge and a marketing opportunity. If one company can figure out how to bypass the GI tract in its precursor delivery, it could hold an edge over the others.

The biggest problem with this approach is the lack of support for anything but traditionally encapsulated NMN and NR powders. We know that there’s a specific transporter in the small intestines dedicated to metabolizing NMN, so bypassing the stomach here would theoretically yield superior results.9 But there isn’t enough science to back up these methods yet. To date, nearly every human study looking at NAD+ production from NR or NMN supplementation uses pretty normal capsules with no special coatings or other technologies included to protect against stomach acid.

Still, you’ll see sublingual drops, nasal sprays, and enteric-coated capsules on the market that claim superior absorption. They might be right, but these companies have no scientific data to provide safe and effective dosing guidance.

Once they get into the body, NMN and NR make their way into your cells through various complex pathways that will result in different levels of efficacy for just about everyone who takes them.10 Short of taking each on its own for at least a few weeks with a washout period in between, it will be difficult to determine which option is best for you. But given the fact that NMN and NR have exhibited individual effects in studies that the other hasn’t been able to produce, it may actually be smarter to take them both.

Can liposomal delivery make a difference?

Among the most popular of these novel delivery mechanisms is liposomal delivery, a method of encapsulating a precursor’s molecules in microscopic fat cells that can survive the acidity of the stomach. Liposomes have been used for numerous drug applications, and there’s a lot of research behind them, but their specific effect on absorption varies from study to study and from drug to drug.

Only one study has been published looking at the liposomal delivery of an NAD+ precursor in humans. It was a small-scale study (just 15 participants) whose researchers received their liposomal NMN from a company that sells it (a potential introductory point for bias). The results indicated a roughly 25% increase in efficacy for the liposomal group.45

That would mean a liposomal 400mg NMN dose would be about as effective as a 500mg non-liposomal dose of the same NMN. But companies often use liposomal preparations to justify much smaller doses that wouldn’t rise to a therapeutic level from a 25% increase in efficacy. And those delivery mechanisms often also result in a higher price tag.

At this point, considering the lack of direct scientific support and the tendency for companies to underdose their liposomal NAD+ precursors, we recommend most people begin with a traditional capsule delivery mechanism. It’s the most reliable way to achieve the positive results seen in human studies.

While many companies sell NAD+ boosters on their own, others see fit to pair NMN or NR with additional components. In some cases, the added ingredients are there to help the NAD+ booster work or absorb more effectively. In other cases, they offer complementary benefits to those NAD+ boosters, such as anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activity.

Here’s a quick look at the most common supporting ingredients you’ll find in NAD+ boosters:

In the short term, NAD+ supplements appear to be safe and well-tolerated. Studies looking at NR doses up to 2,000mg per day and NMN doses up to 1,200mg per day found no differences in adverse effects between intervention and placebo groups.31 4 In studies of higher doses that produced adverse effects, typical reactions included:32

• Headache
• Dry mouth
• GI upset
• Muscle cramps or spasms

As with many forms of vitamin B, NR can cause some flushing, and both NR and NMN can cause digestive upset. But these side effects are rare and usually quite mild.

There are no long-term studies examining the safety of NR or NMN. Right now, our understanding of NAD+ is significantly incomplete. The supplement industry talks about it as though it's the fountain of youth, but cancer researchers have successfully starved tumors of the fuel they need to grow by limiting the presence of NAD+.16

It's entirely possible that NAD+ can stave off the onset of various age-related disorders while also contributing to the growth of cancers in the body. For now, we recommend using NAD+ supplements with care. Seek advice from your doctor before starting an NAD+ supplement, especially if you have a personal or family history of cancer.

Best overall

Innerbody Labs is the boutique supplement arm of Innerbody Research, which leverages our research and editorial process to home in on areas in the marketplace where consumers need something safer or more effective than what’s currently available. It added a NAD+ supplement to its lineup in part because the market was missing a high-dose option combining therapeutic doses of NMN and NR to reap the full spectrum of NAD+ boosting benefits. There were also too few options for a high-dose NAD+ supplement that also included enough TMG to offset the methyl donor shortage often seen in precursor supplementation.

The result is a complex NAD+ booster formula that’s still pretty straightforward:

• NMN: 700mg
• NR: 400mg
• TMG: 500mg
• Spermidine: 15mg
• BioPerine: 10mg

We discussed the merits of each ingredient earlier, but in this specific combination, you should see the NMN and NR content increase NAD+ levels, while the TMG content acts as a methyl donor for the increase in NAM that comes with enhanced NAD+ production and utilization. The spermidine also works on NAM’s behalf, staving off NNMT and preventing it from rerouting that NAM to become something less useful, or even dangerous.40 41 And BioPerine improves your absorption of each of the other ingredients, including a 15% boost in NMN absorption and efficacy.44

Innerbody Labs offers its NAD+ Support as a one-time purchase or on a subscription basis in one, three, or six-month intervals. Here’s how the pricing works out:

NAD+ Support’s full dose is contained in three capsules, allowing you the option to take just two capsules and still align with a majority of NAD+ precursor studies with plenty of TMG, spermidine, and BioPerine to deliver consistent efficacy for a slightly lower cost.

Innerbody Labs offers free shipping on all of its orders, regardless of money spent or subscription status, but the company only ships within the U.S. at this time. Customers outside the U.S. might consider AEON from Perpetua.Life, which we’ll discuss later in this guide.

You get a 30-day money-back guarantee, as well. That’s long enough to know whether it’s working if you also get your NAD+ levels tested, but most of the positive effects of NMN and NR supplementation take longer to feel.

Best budget pick and best NMN-only option

Neurogan started as a CBD company, but it expanded its supplement lineup in recent years under the brand name Neurogan Health. This new brand offers more than 60 supplements, many with a focus on longevity, but most are single-ingredient only. There are very few complexes in the company’s catalog.

Among those single-ingredient supplements are two excellent NMN offerings:

• NMN 500: a 500mg dose split into two 250mg capsules
• NMN 900: a 900mg dose packed into a single capsule

Choosing between the two is a matter of cost and titration. The 900mg dose is a far better deal per gram of NMN, but because the full dose is in a single capsule, you can’t ever take less. And if you wanted to take more, you’d have to jump up to 1,800mg, which is 600mg above what high-dose safety studies have scrutinized.

By comparison, the 500mg dose is less affordable per gram of NMN, but its individual 250mg capsules allow for a greater degree of titration. If you wanted to work your way up from 250mg to 1,250mg (much more in line with safety data), you could do so easily.

Neurogan Health also sells an NMN supplement that includes resveratrol, as well as an NMN gummy, powder, and liposomal liquid. At this time, there isn’t enough research into any of these delivery mechanisms to advocate for their use.

The company also has a pair of NR supplements it calls NAD+ Alternatives (you have to look at the lab reports to find out that they’re just NR). One of these NR supplements packs 900mg into a single capsule, while the other delivers its dose in liquid form with liposome technology to improve bioavailability. Neither competed with Nootropics Depot for our recommendation as an NR-only supplement, mainly due to titration concerns with the former and a lack of scientific support for the latter.

Here’s how the pricing looks for Neurogan Health’s NMN-only products:

Shipping is free on orders over $70 or with a subscription (certainly less generous than the lower $40 free-shipping threshold from Renue by Science). Otherwise, you’ll pay based on your location and the weight of the product. For our testers on the East Coast, this typically amounted to around $5 per shipment (costlier than the free shipping you get from Innerbody Labs on every order).

Neurogan Health offers a 30-day money-back guarantee on its products, which is on par with the likes of Innerbody Labs and far better than Nootropics Depot’s strict policy against returns of opened merchandise. But it’s not quite as long as Renue by Science’s 60-day guarantee.

Best NR-only supplement

It makes sense that Nootropics Depot would have a good NR supplement in its catalog. The company is all about boosting brain performance, and NR has shown promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, whereas NMN has not.30 There’s certainly an NMN in its catalog as well, but the pricing is poor, especially for an NMN-only product.

Each NR capsule from Nootropics Depot contains a 300mg dose of NR chloride, the specific type of NR used in the vast majority of NR research. Other forms exist on the market, including NR hydrogen malate, but these boast too little research in humans to verify their safety and efficacy.

That 300mg dose puts users in a good spot to titrate, similar to the 250mg NMN dose from Neurogan Health. And with NR safety research reporting few to no adverse effects up to 2,000mg per day, there’s a lot of room to experiment (under a doctor’s supervision, of course).31

You can get NR from Nootropics Depot in 30-, 90-, and 365-day supplies. That last option offers dramatic savings and is far better designed than comparable offers elsewhere. With other one-year supplies we’ve seen, they amount to a shipment of 12 bottles containing 30 capsules each. That adds up to just 360 capsules, meaning you’ll have to make a note to reorder some 350 days after you receive your shipment — an undue burden compared to the convenience of Nootropics Depot’s full-year shipment.

Here’s how the pricing works out for Nootropics Depot NR:

As you can see, if you have the cash up front to purchase the one-year supply, you could save a lot per dose and per gram of NMN. Just be cognizant that these ingredients can degrade at warm temperatures or in humid climates, so you might want to keep a long-term supply in the fridge, which can prove inconvenient if you lack the storage space.

Nootropics Depot has a $60 free-shipping threshold, below which you have to pay $10.50 for domestic shipping in the U.S. The company also has the worst guarantee in our guide. It doesn’t accept returns on opened merchandise, so there's essentially no money-back guarantee. Compared to things like the free shipping on all orders for Innerbody Labs or the 60-day satisfaction guarantee from Renue by Science, these are poor policies.

Best powder and best for novel delivery methods (liposomal, intranasal, sublingual, etc.)

Renue By Science sells NR and NMN supplements in capsules, tablets, powders, and sublingual drops, as well as combination supplements in capsules and nasal sprays. Many of these products contain NR or NMN processed in a liposomal format that protects them against stomach acid and theoretically allows them to get the most out of the specific NMN transporter found in the small intestine.

Unfortunately, the company uses its liposomal technology to justify occasionally reducing the doses of these products, and the only available lipo research in humans indicates that the technology isn’t powerful enough to make up for this difference in dosing. Renue specifically references this study on its product pages but relays the information from the study somewhat inaccurately.

Product pages point out that the liposomal formula outperformed the non-liposomal formula, which it did. But the pages also say that the liposomal formula increased blood NAD+ levels by 84%. That point is true, but Renue leaves out the fact that the non-liposomal formula increased levels by 67%. A visitor could easily get the impression that the lipo formula was 84% more powerful than the non-lipo formula, even though the math reveals only a 25.3% increase in efficacy.45

Here’s how that plays out practically: Research shows that a 1,000mg daily dose of NMN could improve blood pressure. Renue’s Lipo NMN delivers 500mg per serving divided into two capsules. That 25% increase in effectiveness from liposomal encapsulation would give each of those 250mg capsules the power of a 312.5mg capsule. That means you’d still need four capsules to reach 1,000mg or higher — the same number of capsules you’d need from a non-liposomal formula.

Renue’s products are generally promising and typically dosed well, even despite a lack of clinical dosing guidance to rely on. It’s generally a better resource for people who want to maximize their NAD+ precursor intake without quite as much regard for potential side effects that could crop up at higher doses.

Here's a breakdown of the available NAD+ boosters from Renue By Science:

Renue By Science has a subscription program you can join with any purchase. The program automatically bills you and delivers new products every 30, 45, 60, or 90 days. You’ll save 10% on subscription orders, which is nice, but it pales in comparison to other companies’ subscription discounts, like the combination of bulk and subscription discounts from Innerbody Labs or Elysium that can save you up to 33%. Still, many of Renue By Science’s products are priced low enough to compete with those deeper discounts.

Renue by Science has improved its return policy over the past few years. In the past, you could only return unopened products, but now, you are protected by a 60-day money-back guarantee. At the same time, Renue By Science reduced the policy period from 90 days to 60 days. The duration of the return period is not as generous as some competitors, like ProHealth Longevity, which offers a 100-day guarantee. But we're happy to see that the policy, in general, is more protective of you.

Best for customers outside the U.S.

At AEON’s core, you’ll find the same central ingredients used in Innerbody Labs NAD+ Support, but in smaller doses. AEON has less than half as much NMN and NR, less than one-fifth the TMG, and only two-thirds of the spermidine. The formula attempts to make up for those shortcomings by rounding out an approach to anti-aging that includes certain popular ingredients like quercetin and fisetin.

Here’s a quick look at the whole formula:

• Vitamin B2: 1mg
• Vitamin B6: 5mg
• Vitamin B12: 2mcg
• Nicotinamide DUO: 500mg (400mg NMN, 100mg NR)
• Quercetin: 250mg
• Trans-resveratrol: 150mg
• Fisetin: 100mg
• Astragalus: 100mg
• L-Theanine: 100mg
• EGCG: 100mg
• TMG: 85mg
• Piperine: 10mg
• Spermidine: 10mg

Of all those extra ingredients, the only ones that might make a significant difference per human research are L-theanine and EGCG, though doses of both are on the lower side of effective.

Perpetua.Life uses a liposomal delivery system, so you can tick its precursor doses up by about 25%, according to the one such study in humans.45 That still only gives you 625mg of precursors compared to the 1,100mg you get from Innerbody Labs.

Fortunately for Perpetua.Life, its prices are on the low side, even for one-time purchases:

Shipping is also free from Perpetua.Life on all orders over $40, making it effectively free for any purchase of AEON. And the company offers a 30-day money-back guarantee, similar to many others, but still inferior to ProHealth Longevity’s 100-day guarantee.

ProHealth Longevity offers several supplements designed with the goal of fighting the aging process and providing you with extra energy. Its NMN supplements come in various forms, so you can choose which one you find easiest to take, though dosing accuracy gets muddied outside of traditional capsules.

One of ProHealth Longevity’s most compelling products is its NMN Pro Complete, which combines a 1,000mg dose of NMN with 1,000mg of trans-resveratrol and 500mg of TMG. Those are the two largest doses of those supporting ingredients you’ll find in this guide, with only Innerbody Labs providing as much TMG.

Here's a closer look at some of ProHealth Longevity's NMN offerings:

ProHealth also has a selection of NR supplements in its catalog, though these are all capsules. There’s a 300mg and 500mg option, but no 1,000mg option for NR.

That said, NR is central to the company’s NAD Triple Boost, a combination of 500mg NR, tryptophan, apigenin, PQQ, quercetin, and a handful of other ingredients intended to support NAD+ synthesis and fight aging. Ultimately, the tryptophan dose is too low, the apigenin and quercetin lack support from human studies, and the price is a little too high at $100 for a one-time purchase or $70 for a subscription.

You can take 10% off of any of these prices by signing up for ProHealth Longevity’s subscription program, which allows you to set your deliveries for every 30, 60, or 90 days.

Free shipping kicks in once you’ve spent $30 or more, which is a low enough threshold to apply to any of the company’s NAD+ products.

ProHealth Longevity offers the second-best money-back guarantee of the supplements on this list. Its 100-day policy is long enough to let you try its products for over two months to see if they make you feel any better. It’s not as long as Life Extension’s one-year policy, however.

Life Extension sells a lot of different supplements. Its range is so broad that the company offers a convenient quiz to help you figure out which ones you might need. For anyone interested in NAD+ supplements, Life Extension offers two products that contain Niagen, the form of NR you'll find in Tru Niagen — a competing product. Chromadex, the company that owns the Niagen patent, also owns Tru Niagen, but it appears to have given rights to Life Extension to sell its NR under another banner.

Life Extension’s 30-count bottle of just Niagen is a little less expensive than Tru Niagen, but Tru Niagen’s bulk purchasing options result in superior savings.

Life Extension's NAD+ Cell Regenerator and Resveratrol combination offers a handful of ingredients in addition to Niagen and Resveratrol. These include:

• Bio-Quercetin 15mg, a flavonoid that may be good for immunity and cardiovascular health20
• Fisetin, a flavonoid good for bone health and anti-inflammation21
• Fenugreek, a botanical ingredient with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits22

Life Extension confuses some of these ingredients’ doses within proprietary blends, but the overall doses of each blend reveal that each ingredient dose is excruciatingly small.

Here's what Life Extension NAD+ price structure looks like:

Orders over $50 receive free shipping, as do any subscription orders. If you wish to make a one-time purchase that falls short of the $50 threshold, you’ll pay the following rates:

• Basic: $5.50
• UPS 2nd Day Air: $18
• UPS Overnight: $29.50

Life Extension offers the longest guarantee of the companies in our guide, allowing you to try them for up to a year before initiating a return. The next closest guarantee is the 100-day policy from ProHealth Longevity.

Tru Niagen is likely the foremost name in NR supplements. Its specific nicotinamide riboside chloride — branded Niagen — has been the subject of several studies. Study participants who have taken it saw definite increases in NAD+ levels. We should note that many of those studies looked at doses above what Tru Niagen provides in a serving, sometimes reaching more than three times that quantity.

Original Tru Niagen is available in 150mg and 300mg capsules, as well as a powder you can dissolve in water to make a drink. The powder stick packs are the most expensive form of Tru Niagen, likely due to the added packaging and processing to make the substance dissolve nicely. The company also makes Tru Niagen Pro, which provides a 1,000mg NR dose in two capsules.

Tru Niagen also offers an immunity support supplement called Tru Niagen Immune that combines a 150mg dose of NR with vitamins D and C, zinc, and a curcumin derivative that may be more bioavailable than typical curcumin supplements. Here’s a quick look at the doses:

• Niagen: 150mg
• Theracurmin: 30mg
• Vitamin C: 180mg
• Vitamin D3: 50mcg
• Zinc: 20mg

The company sells a bundle of its original and immune products together, which would take your effective NR dose up to 450mg/day.

Here's how Tru Niagen's products price out:

To read more about Tru Niagen and its offerings, you can check out our comprehensive review.

Tru Niagen offers free shipping on all standard orders, which is a nice perk, but it also lacks any kind of money-back guarantee, something most of the companies in this guide have.