The artery and vein of a root canal provide blood to the pulp of a tooth to keep it nourished. At the heart of the tooth is living pulp that contains the artery, vein and other nerves, connective tissues, blood vessels and lymphatics. Around the pulp, there is something called dentin, which forms the largest part of the tooth. This is covered by cementum and fits into the jaw socket and is joined to it with membranes.